Aircraft Radio Scanner

Aircraft Radio Scanner - Completeness: Some may take this factor for granted. If you want a scanner that works immediately after use, then it is prudent to ensure you get a complete set. Some radios need an external antenna to work or batteries that do not come with the kit.

This can be frustrating if you want a functional radio at the beginning. What's more, this unit has three power options. You can charge it on your PC or other USB power sources using its free USB cable, or you can power it up with two AA alkaline batteries or Ni-MH batteries.

Aircraft Radio Scanner

With these options, low batteries will no longer keep you from enjoying aviation scanning wherever you go. With this scanner, you can also label channels using alphanumeric symbols. This results in easy identification of the dispatch frequency.

You do not have to keep guessing or memorize frequencies. It also has a Close Call RF to identify nearby frequencies when traveling to unfamiliar places. I know you can't expect busy airports to be quiet and calm, but this scanner's booming 700mW audio output will surely alert you for incoming calls, ensuring you won't miss one.

Plus, you're guaranteed enough memory space for monitoring all aviation channels with its 250-channel memory bank. The powerful 2350mAh batteries can last for 10.5 hours for extended use. That's quite a powerhouse cell! Plus, another practical feature of A25C is its battery status screen, allowing you to check battery usage.

Hence, you can recharge promptly and avoid missing adventures due to exhausted batteries. With a more organized storage system, I can easily pick channels to scan, meaning there is no need to scan the entire storage system for air frequencies.

It also has a multi-function knob that you can use to adjust volume and squelch and scroll channels in the banks. The handheld type works best for plane spotters. It features a battery, so there'll be no need for an external or lined power source.

You can take it with you as you head to observation decks or anywhere near the approach path. I also like its large Dot Matrix display with adjustable brightness options, making reading under various lighting conditions easy.

Best of all, the display is in high resolution, so viewing the features comes with great ease. I also like this scanner's large LCD screen as it facilitates ease of reading. It is also well lit, so reading in the dark should not be a problem.

Even the buttons are backlit. It weighs a mere 5.7 oz, so it's quite handy and fits perfectly in your hand. Aviation radio or aviation communication is the means of communicating to and from an aircraft using wireless radio.

AM radio is widely used for aviation communications because of its immunity to capture effect. This phenomenon, which occurs in FM, is explained as the clamping down of the weaker signal at the receiver's end so that if there are two competing signals in an area, the weaker signal will be demodulated.

Programming the device is done in simple, straightforward steps. I used the free Windows software from Uniden's website to gather the channels and save the information on my PC. After which, I uploaded them on my scanner, ready to be used anytime.

The storage method is convenient and effortless. I created different banks for different channels and labeled them accordingly for selective quick scanning. Moreover, this device can store up to 300 frequencies to ensure you have enough space for all your favorite frequencies.

It may be a compact device, but its functionality is never inferior. And to make the device more user-friendly, three different tuning methods are available. You can do manual and automatic searches or a full-scale automatic search.

Manual tuning of your top frequencies is also possible. Handheld scanners sporting unique batteries may provide longer operating hours, but their spares can be challenging to acquire and expensive. On the other hand, AA batteries can quickly drain, but they are easier to come by and cheaper.

Handiness: Aviation scanners take different forms, with handheld, mobile, and fixed options. A handheld scanner is one that you can carry around with you - a handy device if you aren't living near the airports or if you're planning to go airport hopping to listen to aviation communications.

Meanwhile, a mobile scanner is installed onto your car. It's somewhat mobile, but you can't take it out of the car because it's where it gets the power supply. The last one is the fixed scanner, which is mostly used at home or in an office.

It needs an AC power source. If you are a fan of the high-end Yaesu models but wish they came at a more competitive price, consider the FTA-450L your dream come true. This unit has almost similar functions as the highly successful models for just half its price.

Budget: The range of costs for scanners depends mostly on its type and the features they offer. Analog scanners are more affordable, with decent models being offered at about $100. Meanwhile, digital scanners are more expensive, coming in at nearly $400, more or less.

Whether it is for airport hopping or aircraft spotting, SR30C can cover all your frequency storage needs with its 500 programmable channel capacity. Compared to its competitors, which can only hold half this amount, Uniden allows for more frequency inputs.

One-Way vs. Two-Way: As far as transmission and reception are concerned, there are two types of scanner – one that can facilitate transmission and broadcast (two-way), and one which can only act as a receiver (one-way).

While the latter's use is limited to listening, unless your job includes talking to the pilot or air traffic controllers, a one-way radio will be all you need for aviation scanning. Various aircraft radio scanner brands are out in the market, and one can easily get perplexed as to which one has the best value for the money.

But, more than the brand, you should be looking out for the scanner's specs to ensure it has what you need as a professional or an enthusiast. This handheld aircraft scanner can tune in to FM/AM bands, short waves and air bands, city bands and civil, coast, racing, weather, and even campus bands!

With such a wide range of frequency reception, everything you need to keep you informed is right at your fingertips. Be ready for more adventures using the best radio scanner from EXMAX. Scanning is made easier with its priority scan function for quick scanning of priority frequencies.

You can finally say goodbye to long and comprehensible frequency scanning that only consumes a lot of battery. Moreover, it has a memory backup, which stores the frequencies for a period if you lose power while monitoring.

One of its more impressive features is the superb, noise-cancellation application. The scanner can effectively filter out the static from the electronic devices nearby, for better communications. Alongside the topnotch audio quality, it's compact and comfortable to hold.

It fits the hands perfectly for ease of handling. Whereas with real scanners', the features are solely dedicated to scanning, making you focus on your hobby or task. With this, the best aviation scanner remains to be the ideal tool to sport for aviation scanning.

Programming is easy, as well, using its free PC programming software and USB cable. It has all you need to use the scanner straight from the box. What else can you expect from the package? It comes with a 2000mAh battery, a charger, belt clip, and cigarette lighter DC cord, and more.

When it comes to memory storage, it can store up to 300 channels in 15 groups. You can key in these frequencies in alphanumeric names for easy recall. Moreover, this scanner has a "Flip-Flop" Channel Recall, where you can easily search the last ten frequencies used through the directional keys and channel knobs.

It makes switching between channels a lot easier. It's been a lot of buzzing in the sky tonight from a chopper..it got the better of me so I downloaded a police scanner which is this one and boy have the police been busy tonight...But am glad to hear what's going on

..there's nothing worse than hearing a low chopper hovering around and not knowing what's going on...2 thumbs up for this scanner...thank you and thank you to the police offers who are trying to keep our streets clean..keep

up the good work.. I'm with the New South Wales Rural Fire Service and this is a great way to keep up to date when I can't be at the station. Very useful/fast with little delay.

I've got it downloaded on all of my Apple products and I think it's the best app out there! Among the many affordable aviation scanners from Yaesu, this model is one of the toughest ATC radio scanners you can get.

Its shell is made from sturdy polycarbonate plastic. Thus, you don't have to worry when accidentally dropping your device as this material also resists impact and absorbs shock. Anything within its durable casing is well protected.

Richard Pennington is the one to consult when you need professional insight into electronics. With over a decade of experience in the field of electronics and communication engineering, he now serves as our chief content editor.

Aside from being a great aviation radio receiver, it has NOAA Weather channels for weather monitoring, making it an attractive device for storm spotters. It is a narrow band scanner and mainly focuses on monitoring airband and VHF band.

So, you do not have to trouble yourself dealing with more frequencies outside of your interest. In the world of aviation scanning, aircraft scanner apps may be starting to take over and replace real scanners, but, to a true enthusiast, the physical connection that a real scanner brings to the hobbyist is irreplaceable.

Besides, the use of an aircraft radio scanner app from a cellular phone or PC has far too many distractions which can put scanning on the sidelines. Meanwhile, its TO-FROM indicator displays the relationship between the aircraft position versus the path designated by the OBS.

ABSS, on the other hand, enables the setting of the recent flight course as the new course. These features are convenient for navigation purposes. The transceiver LCD screen is also large enough for better readability. Plus, you can toggle between two modes, the day and night mode, for better viewing at any time of the day.

The graphics are large and user-friendly. This app is the best especially now it gets a clear scanner of Tassie my home state. Also a clear Mackay where I currently live. I love it. It's good to know what is happening around our community

The aviation activities you would like to listen to will determine the airport frequencies for scanners you should tune in to. There are different activities and areas, and each has their corresponding frequencies. But generally, Civilian Aircraft band is assigned at 108 to 137 MHz – a frequency range covered by entry-level to advanced scanners.

The following are specific frequencies for various aircraft activities.

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Aircraft Paint Remover Spray

Aircraft Paint Remover Spray - Some of the biggest aerospace companies in the world approve and use our chemical aircraft paint removal solutions and vast list of products suitable for cleaning the inside of your aircraft all the way through to servicing its engines.

We supply various products that focus on being non-carcinogenic with low VOCs – looking toward a more sustainable solution for operations. We include water-based products in our stock list to create a safer, more ergonomic environment for our Australian customers when dealing with chemical solutions for their aerospace requirements.

Aircraft Paint Remover Spray

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find a retailer Safety Data Sheet (SDS) Because we are specialists in aerospace product solutions, we supply you all the way from testing to coating. Our aircraft paint stripper products are chemically engineered according to current guidelines that strive for best environmental practices, and we pride ourselves on safe delivery.

Our maintenance and preparation products are designed to complement our cleaning and preparation deliverables, this ensures residual chemical distress is avoided while sustainability remains a firm goal. Sourcing everything you need from the experts in aircraft paint stripper saves you time and money – and reduces risk.

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SPC-909N can be used on aluminum, mild steel, high strength steel, and titanium when used as directed. SPC-909N is not recommended for use on magnesium surfaces. This product is available in gel form and is blue in color to assist with coverage during application, it's also non-DG – making it simpler to store and transport.

Aircraft Paint Stripper That Simplifies Maintenance

For premium results with SPC 909N, Surface Prep recommends airless spray application. This product replaces dangerous caustic and chlorinated options, offering reduced toxicity and organic construction. Because SPC909 remains wet it will work for longer, and if required, it can be left to develop overnight.

To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don't use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and whether the reviewer bought the item on Amazon.

It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. You know our aircraft paint stripper is designed to optimize your removal process across the metal and composite substrates which carry your paint load – while protecting optimum aerodynamic performance.

When you are working on intermediate coats, addressing embedded primers or multiple layers of build-up, you choose Surface Prep’s environmentally mindful aircraft paint stripper solutions. To streamline functionality and address life cycle cost analysis parameters, you use the aircraft paint stripper that works smarter across your fleet.

Hydrogen Peroxide Activated Aircraft Paint Stripper

Surface Prep sells to you directly. We save you time and money, we work right here in Australia, and we care for our customers while we care for the environment. Our warehouse is stocked with an extensive range of products and unfortunately not every product is currently listed online.

If there is a specific product you are looking for that is not listed, please get in touch with us and we can help you source it. When you are dealing with multiple layers of paint or addressing heavy-duty carbon build-up on exterior surfaces and interior engine features, you use the NMP free paint remover that works across aluminum, magnesium, titanium and steel.

Kemstrip 600 is an aircraft paint stripper with a smart mix of surfactants, activation agents and robust penetrants. This is a bi-phase product that meets your requirements across acrylics, polyurethanes, alkyd-urethanes, and various other coatings. Starting a multi-layer removal process with the correct product is essential.

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Aircraft Pumpkins

Aircraft Pumpkins - Admiral's Doorbell The yellow button in an F/A-18 cockpit that jettisons all the external stores in an emergency. If you hit it, you'll be “ringing the admiral's doorbell” to explain why. FOD Foreign Object Damage. A constant concern on airfields and carrier decks where jet engines operate.

Jet intakes can ingest loose objects, and even the smallest item — a rock, a bolt — can seriously damage jet turbine blades. Pinkie A landing made at twilight between the official time of sunset (or sunrise) and “real” darkness;

Aircraft Pumpkins

it officially counts as a night landing, but is cheating; preferred type of "night" landing by 0-4's and above. OP-1188 Range Tables Abridged June 1944 OP-1171 Optical Equipment: Rangefinders Mark 58 & 65 OP-1303 US Navy Synchros December 1944

Aviator Slang And Military Acronyms

OP-1480 VT Fuzes for Projectiles & Spin Stabilized Rockets OP-1507 Japanese Underwater Ordnance OP-1700 Standard Fire Control Symbols May, 1950 OP-2081 Use of Explosives in Underwater Salvage Our Defenseless Coasts: Essays from 1886-7 Photos: D-Day 1944 and 2009

Photos: The Pacific Theater of WWII 1941-1945 Railway Artillery 1921 Rate Insignia of Navy Enlisted Personnel Heater - Sidewinder missile which homes in on heat sources.”Heatseeker”Helo - Universal Navy/Marine term for helicopter.High PRF - Extremely excitable (PRF is a radar term: pulse repetition frequency).High Warble - Unduly agitated.Hop - A

Mission, or flightHOTAS - Hands On Throttle And Stick. HUD - Heads Up Display. A transparent screen mounted in front of the windscreen on which relevant data from flight instruments and weapons systems are projected. Ok nugget, kick the tires, light the fires,

select Zone 5, tag the bogey, but don't get in a furball. Don't boresight, check six, bingo to Mom — Got it? State How much fuel you've got. Mother requests, “Say your state.” Responded to in the form of hours and minutes of fuel onboard until you fall out of the sky (“splash”).

Ordnance Pamphlets

You answer, “State two plus two zero to splash” = 2 hours and 20 minutes of flying time remaining. Departure Literally departure from controlled flight, usually brought on in high-performance jets by excessive angle of attack coupled with partial power loss in one engine.

All aircraft depart differently, but some anxious moments and some loss of altitude will result before control can be regained. Some jets, most notably the F-4 Phantom, are unrecoverable from certain departures. IFR - Instrument Flight Rules Indian Night Noises - The ominous creaks, pops, and shudders of an aircraft in flight In-Flight Engagement - Snagging the arresting wire before the wheels touch the deck.

This can result in damage to the aircraft. Boondoggle A great deal, usually obtained at the expense of others. (“Shack is a bagger. That guy went on a coast-to-coast boondoggle cross-country with the skipper, even though we’re almost out of OPTAR for this quarter.”)

"Back to the Taxpayers" - Where you send a wrecked aircraft. Bag - Flight suit or anti-exposure suitBag Season - Cold weather or water conditions which require the wearing of anti-exposure gear; which is very restrictive, uncomfortable and unpopular Ball - An amber visual landing aid that the pilot uses to adjust the aircraft relative position to a desired final approach glideslope.

N — “November”

The primary optical landing device on the carrier. The “Meatball” Similar to a PAPI or VASIBandit - Dogfight adversary positively identified as a bad guy. Hostile aircraft. G-suit - Nylon trousers that wrap around the legs and abdomen.

Filled automatically with compressed air in high-G maneuvers, the G-suit helps prevent the pooling of blood in the lower extremities, thus retarding the tendency to lose consciousness. Also known as "speed-jeans" In the Spaghetti - Where you catch the wires on the deckINS - Inertial Navigation System A device using precise gyros that allows the pilot to determine his location anywhere on earth within a few hundred feet.

Two Turnin' and Two Burnin' Refers to a P2V-7 in order to capture the flavor of having two Wright R-3350s (turnin') and two Westinghouse J34 pure jets (burnin') on takeoff. Jets were later put into standby for a rainy day.

Naval Ordnance and Gunnery, 1957 NavPers 10797-A OP-0 (zero) Complete Index of Ordnance Pamphlets 1946 OP-4 Ammunition, May 1943 OP-658 Fire Control Radar, Mark 8. January 1943 OP-755 16 Inch Three Gun Turrets BB 55-60 OP-769 16 Inch Three Gun Turrets BB 61 Class

K — “Kilo”

OP-831 Depth Charge Projector Mark 6 Mod 1 & 2 OP-1063 The Stable Element January 1944 OP-1064 Computer Mark I and Mods Theory & Operation OP-1064A Volumes 1 & 2 Computer Mark I & Mods Maintenance

Glove The huge wing root of the F-14 Tomcat, housing the mechanism for moving the variable-geometry wings. Also, Tom Cruise notwithstanding, fireproof gloves are always worn by military pilots regardless of the outside temperature. Delta - When an aircraft arrives at a boat for recovery, this instruction tells the pilot to stay clear and save gas;

refers to a holding pattern at the boat.\Delta Sierra - "dumb shit": describes a stupid action, negates previous Bravo Zulus and Sierra Hotels. Ray Stevens "Thank You" Selsyn and Synchro Devices Submarine Emergency Ascent Balloons 1963

Submarine Hunting Duck Drone Named Wanda Table of Natural Trigonometric Functions Understanding Soviet Naval Developments -1991 US Navy Cook Book 1920 US Navy Health Clinic Joint Base Charleston SC USS Barb, SS-220, The Sub That Sank a Train

G — “Golf”

USS Laffey in drydock USS Massachusetts BB-59 War Diaries 1942-45 USS Missouri Rare and Astounding Photo USS Recruit Wooden Battleship in New York City USS Virginia Class Submarine Tour USS Yorktown Arrival in Charleston, SC 1975

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.. SAM - Surface-to-air missile.SAR - Search and Rescue.Scooter - Nickname for the A-4 SkyhawkScope - A RIO.Section - Two aircraft operating together as a tactical unit.Shoe - Short for "blackshoes," a derogatory term

for non-flying personnel; aviators wear brown shoes. "Ground pounder" Fun facts! There are lots of things that spin in the sky — from tornadoes to waterspouts to dust devils and fire whirls! Learn more about the science and safety response to these and other weather hazards.

Pinging On - Paying close attention. Pinkie - A landing made at twilight between the official time of sunset (or sunrise) and "real" darkness; it officially counts as a night landing, but is cheating; preferred type of "night" landing by O-4's and above.

S — “Saw”

All Hands Navy Magazine May 1946 America's First Aircraft Carrier USS Birmingham 1910 Analog Fire Control Computers of Ford and Newell Aviator Slang and Military Acronyms DARPA HYDRA Underwater Drone Launch Platform Gunner's Mate Missile Rate Training Manuals

GMM 1 & C Manual GMM 3 & 2 Manual Historical Reference Material: Fullam & Hart Japanese Plane Bombed Oregon September, 1942 Japanese Underwater Ordnance: Mines, Depth Charges, Torpedoes Navy's father of Aegis dies Navy Seal War Dog, Cairo, that Cornered Bin Laden

News From Home 1945 Hangar Queen An aircraft that suffers chronic "downs"; hangar queens are often pirated for spares for the squadron's other aircraft, so when the aircraft leaves the carrier at the end of the cruise, the maintenance officer normally flies the hangar queen because he knows which parts have been taken (the “queen's” ejection seats

are especially well preflighted). Together We Served the Military Community Navy    Army    Marines Air Force   Coast Guard US Navy Department Library US Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal Assoc. USS Arlington AGMR-2 USS Boston Shipmates Association

USS Charles P. Cecil Assoc. DD-835 USS Cony USS Harry E. Yarnell DLB/CG-17 USS Little Rock CL-92 USS Missouri USS Whitehurst DE-634 USS Worcester CL-144 Assoc. VAQ-136 TACTS Tactical Aircrew Combat Training System. A system of computers, sensors, data pods, and graphic displays that allows real-time depiction of an aerial dogfight.

TACTS is an integral element of aircrew training. HUD Heads Up Display. A transparent screen mounted on the dashboard on which pertinent data from flight instruments and weapons systems are projected. The HUD eliminates the need to look down into the cockpit to read instruments.

HOTAS Hands On Throttle And Stick. Modern fighters have every imaginable control function mounted on either the stick (right hand) or the throttle quadrant (left hand), so that the pilot does not need to fumble around in the cockpit.

Check Six Visual observation of the rear quadrant, from which most air-to-air attacks can be expected. Refers to the clock system of scanning the envelope around the aircraft; 12 o'clock is straight ahead, 6 o'clock is directly astern.

Also a common salutation and greeting among tactical pilots. Keep an eye on your back, be careful. Go Juice - Jet fuel.god - The authority, boss, or person with full responsibility.Goes Away - What something does when you hit it with a missile.Golden Leg Spreaders - Pilot wings.Gomer - Slang for a dogfight adversary, derived from

the old Gomer Pyle TV show. Boresight Technically, to line up the axis of a gun with its sights, but pilots use the term to describe concentrating on a small detail to the point of causing some detriment to the “big picture.”

VSTOL Very Short Takeoff and Landing. Also VTOL (Vertical Takeoff and Landing). The AV-8B Harrier is a VSTOL (VTOL) aircraft. Capable of vectoring its jet thrust to shorten its take-off roll or even to rise and descend vertically.

CAVU - Ceiling And Visibility Unlimited: the best possible flying weather.Centurion - An aviator who has made 100 shipboard landings.Charlie - The planned landing time aboard a carrier.Charlie Foxtrot - "cluster-f#ck"Check Six - Visual observation of

the rear quadrant, from which most air-to-air attacks can be expected. Refers to the clock system of scanning the envelope around the aircraft; 12 o'clock is straight ahead, 6 o'clock is directly astern. Bought the Farm

Died. Originated from the practice of the government reimbursing farmers for crops destroyed due to aviation accidents on their fields. The farmers, knowing a good thing when they see it, would inflate the value of lost crops to the point that, in effect, the mishap pilot “bought the farm.”

Student pilots regularly practice emergency landings to farmer's fields. (This one term must have a bazillion different origins judging from the amount of “corrections” I’ve received. I still like this one - ed.) Ramp Strike - Landing short in the ramp area.Radome - Streamlined fiberglass enclosure covering a radar antenna.RAG - Replacement Air Group.

Squadron in which newly trained pilots are introduced to, and trained in, a particular aircraft type. Formally known as the FRS (Fleet Replacement Squadron).

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Aircraft Paint Removers

Aircraft Paint Removers - Find a Retailer Safety Data Sheet (SDS) WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including Cumene and Ethylbenzene, which are known to the State of California to cause cancer, and Methanol, which is known to the State of California to cause birth defects and other reproductive harm.

For more information go to www.p65warnings.ca.gov. Find a Retailer Safety Data Sheet (SDS) To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don't use a simple average. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon.

Aircraft Paint Removers

It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. Aircraft Remover 323171 (1 gallon). Aircraft Remover is fast-acting and will efficiently remove all types of finish from metal surfaces. Effective on acrylics, lacquers, polyurethanes and baked enamels. Non-corrosive to all common metals under normal exposure time.

FOR BEST RESULTS Let the stripper stand until finish is completely blistered or liquefied. Multiple coats may require repeat application. If the paint has not bubbled, the surface must be kept wet with a stripper. Removes any type of finish from metal surfaces including acrylic, lacquer, polyurethane and baked enamel.

Non-methylene chloride formula provides extra strength with easy application. Fast acting finish stripper works in 20 to 45 minutes on most coatings. Use outdoors or in a well ventilated area - not recommended for use on fiberglass, plastic or any synthetic substrates.

Aircraft paint remover is non-corrosive on metal with normal exposure time.

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Aircraft Or Aircrafts

Aircraft Or Aircrafts - Parachutes are the most common types we often hear and see. They are slow-moving air flowing craft that helps move through, creating drag to land. They are made through lightweight yet stable and fitting fabric such as nylon or silk.

Most parachutes may be in the shapes of round, dome, or inverted dome. Although most parachutes are spotted during leisure activities and entertainment, they are also used and deployed by the state and operations during expeditions to ice areas such as polar ends.

Aircraft Or Aircrafts

Only one or two maximum can fit in one parachute. Ballast fuel is sometimes carried to maintain the aircraft's center of gravity within limits. In certain airplanes, a zero fuel weight above a defined threshold requires that a minimum amount of fuel be carried in the wings through all phases of flight to prevent excessive wing bending.

Ballast Fuel

In both cases, this fuel is considered ballast and, under anything other than emergency circumstances, is not to be burned during the flight. Helicopter aircraft, also known as a chopper, is commonly known to most of us and belongs to rotorcrafts.

Horizontally spinning rotors help and aid the helicopter to lift and thrust. These aircraft have the advantage of taking vertically, horizontally, and fly both backwards and forwards or laterally. Unlike the other fixed-wing aircraft, these benefit from taking off and landing at several places and flying even in congested areas.

The engine depends on the size, purpose, and function of the chopper. Today, the helicopter is mostly used for military purposes, cargo, construction, rescue, tourism, aerial observation, and the government. The size of the chopper hence mostly depends on the usage.

As in many facets of aviation, Fuel Planning has a list of specific terms and definitions of its own. The following list identifies the most critical of these terms. Different terms or names for the same concept are often used interchangeably by different regulatory authorities or flight planning organizations.

Contingency Fuel / Route Reserve

The most common of these variants preface the definitions that follow. This article should be used only for informative purposes. The author shall not guarantee and is responsible for the accuracy of the content in the article.

The information provided is extracted from several sources, which may or may not be sufficient. Like the multi-engine piston plane we have seen earlier. This aircraft uses only one engine. These aircraft are used for shorter distance works and not for heavy works.

They can access smaller runways, take less space, and have less climb and speed. Most single-engine pistons can only fit four to six people, depending on the plane and size. Amphibious aircraft, otherwise also popularly known as an amphibian, is a multipurpose aircraft which can work, take off and land both on water and ground.

They are used as both seaplanes or flying boats, or also airplanes. In this aircraft, the engine is either placed in front or even above the wing, which is most commonly found in floatplanes. On the other hand, modern and other amphibious aircraft have engines and propellers placed above the wings.

Block Fuel / Ramp Fuel / Total Fuel On Board

The size of amphibians differs as per the purpose; there are military amphibians, leisure purpose seaplanes, and civil amphibious aircraft. The floatplanes are similar to seaplanes, which float on water through the floats mounted under the fuselage.

These mounts are added instead of the undercarriage, where wheels are placed in other planes. These do not have landing gear, which makes it possible to land, in which case it becomes similar to amphibious aircraft (as seen earlier).

Seaplanes or floatplanes are heavily used during world war times for military operations; however, they are now witnessed as more of a pleasure flight in many countries. Business or private jet aircraft are known to be among the most luxurious or unique aircraft to transport and fly a small group of people, even individuals.

While they are costly due to their design, plush appearance, and very sophisticated looks, the business jets are used by different classes of people – from government officials to armed forces for special operations to companies and private ownership.

Additional Fuel

While the speed, engine, and other manufacturing are similar to airplanes, the size differs from lightweight or small jets to mid-sized ones to long business jets. The heavy and long jets can accommodate 16 to 18 people, whereas the mid-size (depending on the capacity) can accommodate up to 12 or 10 people.

The smaller types of business aircraft are only for four to six individuals. As the name suggests, Multiple or Multi-engine piston aircraft has more than one single engine, unlike the other categories and types of aircraft.

These multi-engine pistons are known to have a second power source, which is very helpful during another engine's failure. Due to this multiple power and engine facility, the aircraft quality, capacity, speed, and climb rate is much higher than the usual air craft.

In most cases, this type of aircraft is used by air services for their services and duties. Tiltrotors use powered rotors for propulsion and to generate lift. These powered rotors, also called proprotors, are added to the rotating shafts of a fixed-wing.

Fuel Taxi

These use transverse rotor design and combine the vertical lift capability of a helicopter. The rotors, similar to the chopper, help lift this aircraft. However, the propulsion is much more efficient and can avoid retreating blade stall, commonly seen in choppers.

The speed and range are heavier and higher than a normal helicopter and almost near a fixed-wing aircraft. The altitude capability of tiltrotors is higher than helicopters. As the name suggests, turboprops or turboprop aircraft have gas turbine engines connected to the gears to turn the propeller to move them through and around the air.

They burn much less fuel and have lower operating costs too. These types of turboprops are larger than piston aircraft and can carry more passengers. These also fly high and can go to an altitude of 35000 feet.

However, they are slower in speed than jet planes. The turboprop size varies according to the need and can fit a small set of people or up to eight or ten at maximum. Fighter jets, also known as fighter or fighter aircraft, are military particular fixed-wing aircraft.

Final Reserve Fuel / Fixed Reserve Fuel / Holding Fuel

They are designed only to use for combating air to air fights against other aircraft. They have very high speed, manufactured for use against air attacks only. However, few fighters have a second capacity to use for ground attacks, too, in which case they are known as fighter bombers.

There are several categories in the fighters: light fighter, heavy fighter, interceptor, night fighter, all-weather fighter, and more. With the help of technological advances and breakthroughs, today's fighters have numerous other capacities and innovations such as data transmissions, sensors, secure cockpits, high bandwidth, and more.

The tricycle gear aircraft is a kind of plane that has tricycle fashion fixed landing gear. The arrangement has a nose wheel in the front and two more in the main wheels. These are lightweight and are known to have better visibility of the ground, and it is very easy to take off and land.

The aircraft also has significantly less drag and allows the application of a full brake. They are used for lighter and quick uses, given the advantages of easy runs. Gliders come again under the category of fixed-wing aircraft.

What Is The Aircraft?

The types of gliders aircraft are used through air reaction against lifting surfaces and mostly do not use any engine. Although small engines may be used as required (in cases like a motor glider), most glider aircraft are efficient for self-take without engines.

A wheeled undercarriage helps in take-off or landing. In the past, gliders are used for military purposes and wars; however, nowadays, we even see them in tourist activities and entertainment or leisure. The most common types in this category include hand gliders and paragliders.

Most gliders are small in size and can fit a maximum of two people. Contingency fuel is carried to account for additional enroute fuel consumption caused by wind, routing changes or ATM: ATM/CNS restrictions. According to ICAO Annex 6, the recommended minimum contingency fuel is the greater of 5% of the trip fuel or 5 minutes holding consumption at 1500' above destination airfield elevation computed based on calculated arrival weight.

However, some regulators have eliminated the minimum time requirement and some have increased the recommended time interval in their National Regulations. Also, some regulators allow contingency fuel reduction to 3% of trip fuel, or to specific time increments, with use of enroute alternates and conditional upon demonstrated performance criteria from the Operator.

Minimum Brake Release Fuel

At least one authority allows, under very specific circumstances, for contingency fuel to be reduced to 0. In all cases, an Operator can direct that its crews carry contingency fuel in excess of that required by their National Aviation Authority (NAA).

Block fuel is the total fuel required for the flight and is the sum of the Taxi fuel, the Trip fuel, the Contingency fuel, the Alternate fuel, the Final Reserve fuel, the Additional fuel and any Extra fuel carried.

Additional fuel is fuel which is added to comply with a specific regulatory or company requirement. Examples include ETOPS fuel, fuel required for a remote or island destination where no alternate is available and fuel required to satisfy an Minimum Equipment List (MEL) or Configuration Deviation List performance penalty.

The balloon-type aircraft are standard aircraft most of us are aware of and are mostly spotted during tourist activities. It comes under a kind of aircraft that floats in the sky and is much different from other airships and aircraft categories.

Classifications Of Aircraft

While most confuse them with airships, the balloons are distinct in that they do not possess any engine and cannot change their direction, except for up and down. The balloon's top is called an envelope, and the bottom part is a basket where people can sit.

The most common ones in the category of balloons are hot air balloons. Gyroplanes, also known as autogyro or gyrocopter, is a rotorcraft aircraft category that uses rotor machines to lift. They are similar to helicopters in appearance, although a bit narrow, and have an engine-driven propeller.

The air flows help the gyroplanes lift upwards, and the rotor self-propels as per the way air flows through it. While gyroplanes or autogyros are mostly used for military and war purposes during the 20th century, nowadays, they are spotted in the Olympics and police departments in some states.

Taxi fuel is the fuel used prior to takeoff and will normally include pre-start APU consumption, engine start and taxi fuel. Taxi fuel is usually a fixed amount for an average taxi duration. However, local conditions at the departure aerodrome such as average taxi time, normal ground delays and any anticipated deicing delays should be taken into consideration and the taxi fuel adjusted accordingly.

Aerostats (Lighter Than Air): Aerostats or lighter than air aircraft are very lightweight in weight. These types of light aircraft generally use buoyancy like ships, which helps them float in the air. Low-density gas such as hydrogen, helium, or hot air balloons is used to fill the aircraft.

This low-density gas is lighter than air, hence the name. The most common types of aerostats known to us are hot air balloons and sky lanterns. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( LockA locked padlock ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website.

Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Biplanes come under the category of fixed-wing aircraft. In this category, two wings come one above each other on both sides. This kind of plane is among the first aircraft to discover fixed-wing planes.

The biplanes have lower weight but with excellent stiffness and efficiency. The biplanes are fitted with reciprocating engines. Only two adults, in most cases, can do these. In most cases, biplanes are spotted and used for army and military purposes of specific countries.

These aircraft were among the most commonly used ones during world war times. Final reserve fuel is the minimum fuel required to fly for 30 minutes at 1,500 feet above the alternate aerodrome or, if an alternate is not required, at the destination aerodrome at holding speed in ISA conditions.

Some Regulating Authorities require sufficient fuel to hold for 45 minutes. Any vehicle that is manufactured and made to fly in the air is called an aircraft. While the airplane is the most known, familiar, and popular kind of aircraft we know, other vessels that fly through the air also come in this category.

All of them have propellers and wings or machinery to run through the air; however, they may vary according to sizes, types, usage, and more. Minimum brake release fuel is that quantity of fuel which, at the commencement of the takeoff roll, complies with all regulatory requirements for the flight in question.

This is the minimum legal fuel required for departure. Before we get into knowing and studying different types of aircraft, let us understand how these aircraft are classified. In most common terms, there are two types of classifications for aircraft.

One is lighter than air aircraft, known as aerostats, and the other is heavier than air aircraft, called aerodynes. Cargo aircraft or cargo planes are also known as freight aircraft, airlifter, or cargo jets. These are the fixed-wing classification of aircraft known only for carriage or cargo instead of individual passengers.

These cargoes are specially built only for lifting carriages and do not have amenities for fitting people or passengers. They have wide doors and facilities to protect and provide shipment. Unlike usual passenger jets, the high-wings presence allows for the preservation and makes the cargo sit near the ground.

The number of wheels is also more in cargo jets. These cargo aircraft can be used both for civil purposes as well as military usage. Aerodynes (Heavier Than Air): Alternatively, the other aircraft, heavier than air or aerodynes, as we understand, is much higher in weight and size.

They push the gas or air downwards, which reaction helps to make the aircraft upwards. Since these are dynamic through movements in the air, they are called aerodynes. This dynamic lift through the air can be caused mostly through mechanisms, as you must have already known.

What are aircraft and which are types of aircraft, you know? Most of us will only answer the common ones – airplanes and helicopters. Well, yes, you are not wrong. Airplanes and helicopters are the most common types of aircraft we may know.

But what you may miss out on are different and several other categories in aircraft that you may not know. Taildraggers, also known as tail-wheel type gear draggers, consist of two main wheels at the forward size and a small-sized wheel to skid near the tail area.

These are the conventional aircraft variety which uses such gear draggers instead of the modern tricycle propeller aircraft. These are the much lighter size and weight aircraft and can even be operated in skis. However, they have very poor visibility on the ground and are difficult during heavy wind conditions.

Certification of aircraft by the FAA ensures that commercial and general aviation aircraft meet the highest safety standards, from initial design to retirement. This page outlines the aircraft certification processes, lists important aircraft safety information, and provides guidance on general aviation aircraft.

The light-sport aircraft, also known as LSA, differs from country to country. However, they are in the new category of small and very lightweight aircraft. These are super simple to fly. Although they may be a bit heavier than ultralight aircraft, they are sophisticated and look grand.

These are two-seater versions and are much more affordable too.

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Aircraft Propellers And Spares

Aircraft Propellers And Spares - As North America's largest internet-based platform for aircraft salvage, used airplane parts, and other aviation parts, we carry an extensive range of airplane parts for sale for aircraft of all types and most major brands. Whether you need a gasket or bushing, or a whole exhaust system to get the job done, we've got used airplane engines and components in stock for brands such as:

As North America's largest internet-based platform for aircraft salvage, used airplane parts, and other aviation parts, we carry an extensive range of airplane parts for sale for aircraft of all types and most major brands. Whether you need a small propeller hub part, or a whole propeller and hub system to get the job done, we've got used airplane propellers and components in stock for airplanes such as:

Aircraft Propellers And Spares

At BAS Part Sales, we buy salvaged, used, and otherwise unwanted aircraft from every corner of the continental United States. We bring every airplane to our state-of-the-art 48,000+ sq. ft. hangar in Greeley, CO where we carefully disassemble each unit.

What Aircraft Models Do You Sell Airplane Engines And Propellers For?

Each airplane propeller goes through a very careful and purposeful removal process before extensive cleaning and multiple inspections. We document log book entries, overhaul data, and conditions on a wide range of specific propeller components before ever making the used propeller available for sale.

Our scale yields a constant stream of airplane propellers, most ready to be repurposed in your aircraft - but our used airplane propeller inventory moves very fast so don't wait, call ASAP. Since we buy so many wrecked or damaged aircraft, it is common for us to have propellers that have been involved in a prop strike.

Since these propellers can no longer be used on an airworthy airplane, they can make great aviation art projects or decor. In fact, the BAS offices and facilities are overflowing with broken, historical, damaged, and otherwise interesting propellers of all shapes and sizes.

If you see something on our site that might make for good art, or you are looking for something particular to hang on your aviation wall, let us know. We are more than happy to help you find the right propeller for your project.

What Aircraft Models Do You Sell Used Airplane Propellers For?

At BAS Part Sales, we buy salvaged, used, and unwanted aircraft from insurance companies and individuals from coast to coast and border to border. We bring every aircraft to our state of the art 48,000 sq.ft.

hangar in Greeley, CO. We're buying salvaged aircraft daily, so our inventory of high quality, guaranteed airplane engines, propellers, and engine parts is constantly updated with the airplane parts you need. Our aviation experts disassemble, clean, and inspect each airplane engine component by hand, so you only get the highest quality components, and most come with our unheard of 90-day money back guarantee.

© 2023 BAS Parts Sales All rights reserved. | Sitemap Continental GO-300 Engine S/N of the engine is 5529-8-A We don't have any logs or history for this engine Horsepower: 175 Removed from a Cessna 175

Light Case / Wide Deck Aircraft / engine was NOT involved in a prop strike to the best of our... We know buying airplane parts online often comes with a lot of questions, especially regarding salvage and used airplane engines.

Where Do Your Used Airplane Propellers Come From?

That's why we offer a first class level of customer service with a level of transparency you won't find anywhere else. Here are a few of the most commonly asked questions about our airplane engines, propellers, and engine components. You can always call 970-313-4823 and speak with one of our aircraft salvage experts about the specific parts you need.

We are here to help! Most used airplane propellers for sale from BAS Part Sales can be shipped to almost any address worldwide, although there are some restrictions on certain products and certain countries. All duties and taxes are the buyers' responsibility, so please check with your local customs office regarding these charges.

We will not mark our airplane parts below value or as "gifts," as it is strictly prohibited under U.S. and international regulations. For the best information on international shipping, contact one of our aircraft salvage experts by calling 970-313-4823 or send an email to sales @ baspartsales.com.

Purchase airplane engine and airplane propeller parts from our wide selection at BAS Part Sales. We carry multiple aircraft engine parts and components for you to browse as well as other parts, such as aircraft electronics, control parts, and avionics.

What About Propellers For Art Or Decoration?

Our engine propeller components are precisely what your plane needs to get off the ground and into the air. Order aircraft propeller and engine parts online from aircraft experts today. We stand behind what we do here at BAS Part Sales with an industry leading 90 day money back guarantee on most parts so that you can buy with confidence and spend more time in the air, and less time searching for parts.

Learn more about our return and refund policy here - Returns. If you need to return something, or request a replacement, you can do so within 90 days of the purchase date. We refund or re-ship promptly because your business matters to us.

We do not accept returns on any parts marked CORE, fuselages, or any other aviation part stating "no returns accepted". We will even pay the return shipping costs if the return results from an error on our end (such as an incorrect or defective item).

BAS Part Sales is located in a professional 48,000+ square foot hangar in Greeley, Colorado, next to our sister company Beegles Aircraft Services. Everything happens here in our facility from the very first time we touch a salvaged aircraft all the way through to your order going out for delivery anywhere in the world.

Where Do Our Airplane Engines Propellers And Engine Parts Come From?

No part is too small, none is too big for our team of aviation shipping experts to get it to you safely and efficiently. In addition to our enormous hangar, BAS operates two salvage yards encompassing many acres of outdoor space at the Greeley Airport.

We operate in a 48,000 sq ft hangar complete with a gigantic indoor, climate-controlled warehouse of inventory. Every used aircraft propeller is stored in our warehouse, free from the detriments of weather and critters. Each airplane propeller is carefully stored on custom-built racks or pallets with ample space for keeping it safe and secure until it's ready to ship to you.

We are located in Greeley, Colorado, next to our sister company Beegles Aircraft Services. Everything happens here in our facility from the very first time we touch a salvaged aircraft all the way through to your order going out for delivery anywhere in the world.

We are also experts in shipping airplane propellers around the world. Trust that your purchase will arrive safe and intact when you buy from BAS Part Sales. © 2023 BAS Parts Sales All rights reserved. |

Continental Go--A Engine / No Log Books

Sitemap Shop for a used airplane propeller for sale at BAS Part Sales. At BAS Part Sales, we offer high-quality, refurbished, used airplane and aircraft propellers for sale at affordable prices. View our collection and buy a used aircraft propeller for sale online.

We know buying an airplane propeller can come with a lot of worry, especially regarding salvage and used propellers. And we also know that buying a used airplane propeller online can be specifically nerve-racking. Let us take the worry out of it.

We offer a first-class level of customer service with a degree of transparency you won't find anywhere else - Call Us! Here are a few of the most commonly asked questions about used aircraft propellers. You can always call 970-313-4823 and speak with one of our aircraft salvage experts about the specific parts you need.

We are here to help! Here at BAS Part Sales, we've worked hard to become the largest internet-based platform for aviation parts, and we don't plan on stopping anytime soon. Everything we do is based on our core values ​​of excellence, integrity, community and growth...so you can be sure you're only getting the best of the best with BAS.

Frequently Asked Questions About Salvage Airplane Engines And Propellers

If you have any questions about our airplane engines or engine components, feel free to contact us at any time. The expert team at BAS Part Sales is ready to help you with anything you need.

Most airplane parts for sale from BAS Part Sales can be shipped to almost any address worldwide, although there are some restrictions on certain products and certain countries. All duties and taxes are the buyers' responsibility, so please check with your local customs office regarding these charges.

We will not mark our airplane parts below value or as "gifts," as it is strictly prohibited under U.S. and international regulations. For the best information on international shipping, contact one of our aircraft salvage experts by calling 970-313-4823 or send an email to sales @ baspartsales.com.

I Live Outside Of The Us Can Airplane Propellers Be Shipped Internationally?

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Aircraft Primer

Aircraft Primer - © 2015 PPG Industries, Inc. All rights reserved. , Legal Notices & Privacy Policies | CA Transparency in Supply Chain Disclosure , Global Code of Ethics The PPG logo is a registered trademark of PPG Industries Ohio, Inc.

Like most builders, you probably will have heard all sorts of claims of excellence for some particular "best" paint to use and, on that basis, you think you want to use it, too. Let's think about it.

Aircraft Primer

The most popular type of paint (not brand, TYPE) may not be suited for the kind of aircraft surface you have to paint. enamels Enamel is a paint with varnish in it. This explains the instant shine that is characteristic of an enameled surface.

The paint dries fairly fast (dust free in 45 minutes, about half that time for acrylic enamels) but is slower drying than a lacquer or Butyrate dope coating and, consequently, there is more time for dust and bugs to take refuge in the tacky surface.

. Painting with enamel should, therefore, be done indoors, preferably in a paint booth. It is, nevertheless, a very good paint type for use over most any kind of hard surface. It is very durable and holds up well under most conditions.

The acrylic enamels (Ditzler's DELSTAR/DuPont's CENTARI) are very popular and economical to use. Catalyzed epoxy is rather slow drying (2 to 6 hours) so you may wish to speed up the drying process. You can do this by mixing the epoxy with its catalyst and setting it aside for one-half of its pot life.

Then stir it thoroughly and spray it on. The epoxy coating will then cure in half the usual time. This is still slow by dope, lacquer and acrylic enamel parameters. The primer knob is typically located on the instrument panel and is locked in the closed position.

To unlock the primer, twist while gently pulling back on the primer knob until it unlocks. Slowly pull the primer knob all the way out, and allow the primer to fill with fuel drawn from the fuel sump.

Slowly push the primer knob all the way in to force fuel through small fuel lines and special nozzles that create a fine mist as it is injected directly into the engine cylinders. When completed, lock the primer by pushing it fully in and rotating the knob a quarter turn.

Confirm the primer is locked by pulling on it to make sure it does not move. A primer accidentally left open will cause the engine to run rough after starting. Check your aircraft's pilot's operating handbook (POH) for proper cold and hot starting procedures, but two "pumps" of the primer are typically used to prime the engine before the first start of the day.

Some POHs recommend against priming an already warm engine. You worked hard and long on the pre-paint preparations outlined last month and you have reached the point where you feel that any further sanding, filling and inspecting of your project would be counterproductive, a waste of time.

, , And, by golly, you're ready to prime this baby right now. But wait! Since all fabric covered airplanes have quite a few metal parts and surfaces, in addition to their fabric covered components, you will have to switch to some other type of paint for the metal work.

This may make it difficult for you to obtain a good color match to go along with the doped parts. Even when the color match is just about perfect, the difference between the sheen of a doped fabric surface and the gloss of a painted metal component is often pronounced.

Having to switch from dope to paint and vice versa is, to say the least, troublesome. There is one more thing you should know about lacquer. A lacquer finish has to be compounded, or rubbed, to improve its gloss.

This, however, should be delayed until the next day after an overnight dry. The nearest local distributor for these products can probably provide you with whatever information you need and furnish excellent "how-to-do" brochures as well.

Some builders, however, might find it easier to write to the manufacturers listed below: Epoxy Finishes Epoxy primers are great but the use of epoxy as a topcoat finish may not be quite as good. Epoxy does have superior adhesion qualities and is quite durable and long lasting.

However, it does have the reputation of fairing poorly in the sun, and is prone to oxidizing. , , chalking, if you will. Perhaps the greatest deterrent to the use of Imron, or any of the polyurethane enamels, is the reputation it has regarding the physical hazard posed by its fumes and spray mists.

These fumes and mists contain isocyanates which are highly toxic to the careless or poorly informed user who fails to heed the warning labels on the paint cans. , , and who fails to protect himself adequately during the spraying operation.

You can still cause yourself a heap of trouble even when you don't mix brands if you don't familiarize yourself with the manufacturer's recommendations for the paint type selected. You cannot, for example, ordinarily put a lacquer topcoat over an enamel primer even when it is a same brand product.

The lacquer will cause the enamel undercoat to curdle and lift under the more volatile lacquer solvents. The results are predictable -- one big mess. Being a rather slow drying paint (about 45 minutes to a dust free cure and 4 to 6 hours for a tape free dry) it is best that your painting be done indoors in some sort of well ventilated booth or enclosure.

Butyrate Dope Finishes Everyone knows that dope is used for fabric surfaces. What everyone doesn't know, however, is that dope cannot be used over metal surfaces because it will surely peel off. It is not suited for use on slick composite surfaces for the same reason.

Something most of us don't realize is that these paints are intended for professional use only. Professional painters are expected to have the necessary facilities and equipment and are, supposedly, well versed in the recommended safety precautions.

How-To-Do-It Type of Information All of the paint manufacturers previously mentioned put out useful manuals, brochures and guidance for the use of their paint systems and finishes. This is the kind of authoritative guidance you should follow when using their products, and nobody else's.

They know best how their particular formulations of primers, paints and solvents should be used. They want your paint job to turn out perfect. , , they, too, have a reputation to protect. Lacquers Lacquer is somewhat like dope in that it dries fast.

So fast, in fact, that the bugs in the area have to be on standby alert in order to zoom in quickly if they hope to land on a wet surface. The slower and aerodynamically inept bugs are more likely to hit an already dry-to-the-touch surface, skid off and break their fool necks.

What a boon for the gent who has to paint his aircraft outdoors. The primer and the paint you choose must be chemically compatible with each other. Furthermore, the thinners and the solvents you will be using must also be compatible with the primer and paint.

This usually means that all of them should come from the same manufacturer. Acrylic lacquers are akin to dope in another respect. They also have a low solids content and they cover rather poorly. Actually, five or six coats of lacquer must be applied.

Fortunately, all of these can be applied in a single spraying session if you allow about 5 minutes between coats to permit the paint to "flash oft". Actually, there is virtually no wait between coats for larger components because it will take you that long to spray from one end to the other.

Enamels are less brittle than lacquers. Nevertheless, they are not very well suited for fabric covered surfaces. One exception might be white DUPONT DULUX enamel, provided it is applied sparingly to the fabric surfaces. The dark colors tend to be more brittle than the whites.

Paint Spray Respirators Get a good paint spray respirator and use it conscientiously. Actually, you should wear it while mixing your paint and even while cleaning the spray gun with solvents. Unfortunately, most of us don't.

Polyurethane enamels are being used on just about every type of aircraft surface. As for fabric covered surfaces, although DuPont (maker of Imron) may not be willing to claim that Imron is suitable for use on fabric surfaces, that doesn't bother some homebuilders.

Amateur builders are using Imron on fabric covered airplanes with eye-catching results. Only time will tell how well the finish holds up on those flexible surfaces. So far, the performance of the paint is outstanding. On the other hand, lacquer is more versatile than dope and it can be used on most any type of solid surface (aluminum, steel, wood, composite, etc.).

It is a very economical type of finish and is easy to apply. Like dope, you can touch it up and spot areas without repainting the entire component. Lacquer's quick-dry characteristic can turn into a disadvantage if you aren't careful when spraying.

Your paint application must go on wet or it won't adhere very well and the resulting surface will feel rough and fuzzy under your hand. If this happens, sand off the roughness and try again. Warning Label Is Not To Be Ignored

There is a very good reason for the Warning Labels manufacturers put on their products. The government requires it and the manufacturer, knowing the chemistry, peculiarities and limitations of its own products, is only too happy to comply (product liability, you know).

Paint fumes and spray mists are toxic to varying degrees. Read the entire label and be sure you understand what the manufacturer is telling you about the toxicity of its paints, primers and solvents. Avoid creating a hazardous condition for yourself and your home environment.

Ignore the warnings and you may be incurring a greater risk than you may realize at the time. When cold, a carbureted aircraft engine may not generate sufficient heat to vaporize the fuel in its cylinders, resulting in an engine that won't start.

A manual fuel primer injects vaporized fuel directly into one or more of the engine's cylinders to aid in starting. Fuel-injected engines do not require a primer. Using a primer from one manufacturer and the solvents and thinners from another is risking the quality of your paint job.

It is very important that you do not mix brands. Even though the thinners and solvents seem compatible, they may not be. They may be chemically different, and cure or dry at different rates. If so, this may induce surface stresses in your finish coat and lead to a botched up inferior appearance.

Adhesion, too, may be poor and sometime later your paint may begin to lift and peel. That would be enough to make a grown guy cry. But there are other pitfalls, too. Unlike dope, lacquer becomes very hard and brittle when completely cured and will crack and chip "at a drop of a hat" (hard hat), particularly on sharp edges and corners.

Obviously it is just about the poorest type of paint you could choose for use on flexible or fabric surfaces. Because dope dries fast it can be sprayed out-of-doors without the benefit of a paint booth.

, , Provided a little extra care is exercised in selecting the best conditions for the paint job (early morning hours, no wind, low humidity and warm temperature). Dope is humidity-sensitive and you should not spray it when the humidity is over 65% (best temperatures are between 65 and 80 degrees F).

These polyurethane paints adhere well to most surfaces. They provide a hard surface finish that is outstanding in gloss retention, resistance to chemicals, fuels and oils, and is flexible enough to exhibit superior chip resistance. ,

, and, oh yes, this super paint is expensive to use. Just because a paint spray filter has chemical cartridges and has an impressive MSHA/NIOSH (U. S. Governmental agencies) approval for it doesn't mean it can be used when spraying any type of paint.

Be sure that your paint spray filter includes an approval for the type of paint you will be using. Leading the pack in popularity and excellence, locally at any rate, are the DUPONT and the STITS brands.

, , Dupont, perhaps because of its large variety of paint products and the EAA Chapter 187 discount we enjoy with those folks; and STITS because of its fine reputation and general availability. In short, doped surfaces can be work intensive.

They require, first of all, a brush coat of Nitrate dope followed by two or more coats of Butyrate dope, and then a couple more coats of pigmented aluminum dope. All this is followed by three or more color coats of Butyrate.

Of course, a lot of different coats spells a lot of work, a lot of wet sanding in between and a lot of rubbing. The STITS process using Polybrush and Polyspray is somewhat different and a lot simpler to use.

Nevertheless, either product is still the best paint type to use on fabric covered surfaces, be they grade A fabric, linen or one of the Polyfiber fabrics. The finish will remain quite flexible throughout the years of service and is less likely, by far, to crack from embrittlement than when finished with any other type of paint currently available.

Sears has an excellent paint spray respirator (918552), with replaceable chemical cartridges, that will afford protection against enamels, lacquers and dope finishes. It WILL NOT protect you against the isocyanates contained in polyurethane enamels even though the respirator looks formidable enough to protect you from everything short of an all out gas attack.

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Aircraft Pc 12

Aircraft Pc 12 - PC-12s are in use around the world with owner-pilots, corporations, charter and fractional companies, air ambulances, special missions, cargo and law enforcement agencies. sound decision. The Pilatus PC-12 NGX is powered by the Pratt & Whitney PT6-67XP turboprop engine generating 1,200 hp, delivering a high-speed cruise of 290 ktas and a max 4 pax range of 1,803 nm including 2 crew.

Passing through FL 180, I engaged the autopilot. Johnson said the NGX uses the same autopilot guts and features as the Embraer 175. Climbing through FL 200, the NGX indicated 126 knots, with a rate of 1,400 fpm on 456 pph. Leaving FL 240 The book said we should be burning 404 pph. That gave us three more flying hours with a reserve. Johnson said a 500-pound reserve is normal, and the minimum he'd feel comfortable landing with in the NGX was 350 pounds, or about 60 gallons. At FL 270, the cabin settled on 7,600 feet.

Aircraft Pc 12

The national average for Jet A fuel with Prist is currently $6.00. The PC-12 NG requires a Prist additive. Prist is just the common brand name crews and line operators use to refer to diethylene glycol monomethyl ether.

What Happens In Vegas Is No Secret

Pilatus kept development of the new NGX under wraps until the official unveiling at the National Business Aviation Association's Business Aviation Convention & Exhibition in Las Vegas in October 2019, with EASA and FAA certification already in hand. a serial number that we've ever seen,” Aniello said. The NGX comes standard with a Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6E-67XP with full authority digital engine control—a first for a single-engine turboprop—that includes an autothrottle and 10 percent more usable horsepower.

The PC-12 NGX is virtually unrivaled in terms of special mission capability. It affords operators the ability to cover a whole range of assignments with a single-aircraft type, including surveillance, medical assistance, cargo transport and search and rescue. : missions which require immediate intervention and total reliability.

Additional NGX items include TCAS II with resolution advisories, data link and an emergency-descent mode. When the aircraft is above 20,000 feet and the cabin reaches its limit of 10,500 feet, the EDM restricts the throttle, turns the airplane 90 degrees, and accelerates to VMO until reaching a breathable 15,000 feet. the airplane knows where it is at all times, it won't simply dump the airplane into any nearby peaks.

The latest version of the PC-12 NGX both climbs and cruises faster with no increase in horsepower. Through clever aerodynamic refinements, it is five knots faster than its predecessor, with a top cruise speed of 290 knots (537 kilometres per hour). Maximum The range has been extended to 1,765 nautical miles (3,269 kilometers).

Variable Operating Cost

With that, your total cost of $690 per hour for fixed costs, added to $227 for maintenance and reserves, and added to $396 per hour for fuel will give you a total hourly cost to operate of a remarkably cheap $1,313.

Pilots of older PC-12s will be in awe at the automated start sequence. Turn on batteries one and two with all buses on, as well as the generators, avionics master and bleed air. Check for 24 volts and turn the engine switch to run Briefly touch the start button, and once Ng (gas generator rotation speed)climbs above 13 percent, the fadec adds fuel. At 50 percent, the starter kicks out.

The PC-12 comes with a robust trailing link landing gear that is electrically actuated.The previous model was hydraulic. All this was to make sure that the sound levels in the cabin were kept to a minimum. Only the PC-12 NGX offers the advanced avionics of high-end business jets tailored for the single pilot. Featuring an autopilot optimized for stability and smoothness, and SmartView synthetic vision with performance-based head-up display symbology, the PC-12 NGX's Advanced Cockpit Environment (ACE) sets the bar for ultimate control and situational awareness without a steep learning curve. Safety of flight is the highest priority of Pilatus, and the new PC-12 NGX includes an array of new technologies like tactile feedback in unusual attitudes , an Emergency Descent Mode (EDM), and a Crew Alerting System (CAS) that automatically calls up the appropriate electronic checklist on the multi-function display. Powerful. Intuitive. Safe.

Today, single-engine turboprops are almost commonplace with Daher's TBM series, Piper's M350, M500 and M600, and Cessna's Caravan in addition to the PC-12. None can carry the load of the PC-12 except the Caravan, which is 100 knots Only the Cessna Denali still in development might give the PC-12 a run for its money. Aniello mentioned that possibility but quickly added that the fact alone that Textron is building a PC-12 clone adds credibility to the role played by Pilatus' airplane that's been flying for a couple of decades.

Flight Characteristics

Assuming you took no deductible and insured the aircraft for its full replacement value (and assuming your crew was qualified with over a thousand hours in type, and fully trained,) it will result in $28,000 in annual premiums for the PC-12 NG.

Aniello said new NGX customers come from the ranks of Bonanza and Cirrus owners, PC-12 operators ready to upgrade to the new aircraft, and government and fleet operators. Speaking to the new features, Aniello said the quick-release, fully reclining seats are somewhat narrower but certainly taller than the originals, and they have been redesigned to make it easy to switch them out when the demand for cargo space outweighs the need to carry passengers. Each of the old seats was held in place by four bolts and required a mechanic to change out. No longer. The natural European leather covering is highlighted by pragmatic features such as new optional footrests.

The PC-12 NG also comes with winglets to increase aerodynamic effectiveness and a torque limiter to keep the engine flat rated at 1,840 shp, limited to 1,200 during take-off. This gives the PC-12 NG a consistent climb rate for much of its ascent to its service ceiling.

No matter what nickname you give it, the PC-12 is famous for being able to haul a couple of Harleys and a few passengers out to a dirt strip and back. to make using a forklift possible while loading cargo through that big aft door. Johnson said, originally, Pilatus just saw the airplane as a robust utility, cargo and military airplane that was only later transformed into a luxury vehicle. Pilatus vice president of marketing Tom Aniello said it was actually the dealers who saw the potential for the PC-12 once the interior was spiffed up.

A Little Pc- History

The fuel burn for the PC-12 NG at FL280 is 60 gallons per hour. This results in 260 knots TAS. Assuming zero wind, 2.5 hours of flight will cover 650 nautical miles and burn 150 gallons.

The design is intended to keep the Center of Gravity (CG) static during the course of each flight. What you take off with is what designers want you to land with. And since the only thing that changes during a flight is the quantity of fuel , fuel is managed in a way that their CG does not change even as the fuel is burned off.

The descent phase of the PC-12 NG takes 14 minutes and covers 66 nautical miles. It burns 15 gallons of fuel in that time. For a 782 nautical mile flight, the PC-12 NG burns 197 gallons of fuel and takes a few minutes over three hours to complete, giving the Pilatus PC-12NG a fuel burn average of 66 gallons per hour.

The Pilatus PC-12NG is not just versatile in its mission parameters, but it is also cost-effective. market downturns. The designers had a simple goal, and that was to emulate all that had worked in the original 1991 PC-12 model while upgrading the aircraft according to market demand for more speed and better cost factors.

Flying The Ngx

In the cockpit, pilots will find updated Honeywell Epic avionics that include four 10.4-inch high-resolution screens and greater processing power. Pilatus brands their cockpit as the Advanced Cockpit Environment. amount of ambient light flooding the cabin. The cabin also includes a new air-distribution system, better lighting, heating and cooling, and significantly increased maintenance intervals to reduce operating costs. BMW Designworks created more-comfortable seating reminiscent of that automaker's ground-based products.

However, the PC-12 NG has what many might call extreme diversity in terms of the missions it flies, all of which carry vastly different costs to operate. , and a flight department of three crews. When Pilatus—then maker of the famous Turbo Porter single-engine STOL aircraft—announced the PC-12 in 1989, it saw the design as a highly efficient workhorse perfect for the utility, cargo and commuter airline, as well as air-ambulance segments The first PC-12 prototype flew on May 31, 1991, with certification by the Swiss Federal Office of Civil Aviation on March 30, 1994. The FAA's nod followed on July 15, 1994. Three decades later, it would be tough to look at the more than 1,750 PC-12s produced as anything other than a dream come true.

When laid out to transport, the cabin can fit nine comfortable seats and has a lavatory. The nine seats can be removed and reconfigured for cargo, which can be loaded through the rear, or it can be reconfigured to carry stretchers for medevac operations.

On a standard day, it takes the PC-12 NG 23 minutes to climb from sea level to FL280. The fuel burn for this leg is 190 pounds or 32 gallons. The horizontal distance flown across the climb is 66 nautical miles

Crew Cost

I first flew a Pilatus PC-12 Model 10 back in 2008 and found it made a nice, stable instrument platform. At 270 knots, it was no jet, but a walk through that gargantuan cabin on the ground with the massive rear cargo door open made no bones about the airplane's ability to carry tons of stuff.

There are two overhaul costs associated with the powerplant. The first is a hot-section inspection that will happen at 1800 hours. A hot section inspection typically costs $40,000. To manage costs and expenses, maintain a reserve that accumulates this hourly cost so that there are funds waiting to pay for the hot section when it comes.

Jed Johnson, Tom Aniello and I headed out to fly serial number 2001 the afternoon I arrived in Broomfield because the weather forecasts looked ugly for the following morning, which turned out to be accurate. Our weather for the flight at KBJC turned out to be severe VFR with light winds.

Where speed is concerned the Pilatus PC-12NG has a sweet spot between comfort, expedience, and economy. 209 KIAS gives you a long-range cruise, siping Jet air from its cavernous tanks. While setting the power slightly forward and squeezing out 268 knots will get you there father if you are not interested in fuel burn.

Insurance Cost

There is one extra layer that you should consider as a potential buyer. The price elasticity of the PC-12 series, including the PC-12 NG has to also be seen from the fact that there are more than 25 aircraft of these two models at sale at any given time over the course of the year.

Assuming you fly 400 hours a year, your fixed cost which is $276,000 per year will average to be $690 per hour.This number will go up or down depending on how much you fly.Putting a thousand hours on the aircraft in a year will bring the hourly cost down to $276. For now, we will assume a model where you fly 400 hours a year, costing you $690 per hour.

With more than 1,700 PC-12s in the field, and over seven million flight hours behind the ultra-reliable Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 engine, experience makes a difference. The PC-12 leads the industry in sales and enjoys a safety record on par with twin-engine business jets.

The flight department costs for three crew members will include training, recurrent training, salaries, and benefits. While a type rating is not required to fly the aircraft, it is recommended that pilots be trained at a facility to get to know all the operating procedures , avionics, automation, and nuances of the aircraft.

Fuel Burn

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